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List of
visible crater sites, in the United States.
Arizona
Crater Site
Arizona Meteor Crater is the best preserved crater on Earth! Arizona Meteor
Crater also known as (Barringer Meteorite Crater) is located about 35
miles east of Flagstaff, near Winslow, AZ. Meteor Crater was the first
crater to be identified as an impact crater. Between 20,000 to 50,000
years ago, a small asteroid about 80 feet in diameter impacted the earth
and formed the crater. The Meteor produced high enough temperatures and
pressures to transform carbon minerals into diamonds and lonsdaleite.
Meteor crater is about 4,000 ft in diameter, highest point on rim 5,723
feet and some 570 feet deep. Meteor Crater is today a popular Arizona
tourist attraction.
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Idaho
Crater Site
Beaverhead Crater is an impact structure located in central Idaho.
Estimated at 50 to 90 miles in diameter, Beaverhead Crater is one of the
eight largest impact craters on Earth, and possibly the largest in the
US. Its age is estimated to be about 850 to 900 million years. Other than
the original shatter cones found on the perimeter, there is little visible
evidence of the structure.
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Idaho
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Indiana
Crater Site
Kentland Crater, also known as the Kentland structure or the Kentland
disturbed area, is a meteor crater located near the town of Kentland in
Newton County, Indiana. Kentland Crater itself is a circular dome, about
4.5 miles in diameter, is deeply eroded and buried in glacial debris.
Its age is estimated to be less than 97 million years. The Shakopee dolomite
at the center of the structure is about 450 million years old.
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Iowa
Crater Site
Manson Crater is located near the site of Manson, Iowa. Evendence is shown
where a meteorite landed 74 million years ago. It was one of the biggest
impacts by an object from outer space to happen in North America and was
previously thought to have led to the extinction of the dinosaurs until
age dating tests proved that Manson Crater was too old. No surface evidence
exists due to coverage by glacial till and the site where the crater lies
buried is now a flat landscape. But, hidden about 20 to 90 metres below
the surface is a buried structure about 38 km in diameter. It lies under
the southeast corner of Pocahontas County and extends under portions of
three adjoining counties.The impactor is considered to have been a stoney
meteorite about two kilometres in diameter.
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Kansas
Crater Site
Haviland Crater, also called the Brenham Crater, is a meteor crater
in Kiowa County, Kansas. Haviland Crater is an oval-shaped crater 50 feet
in diameter, making it one of the smallest impact craters in the world.
Its age is estimated to be less than 1000 years. Over 15,000 pounds of
pallasite meteorites have been recovered from the Haviland Crater site.
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Kentucky
Crater Site
Middlesboro Crater, is a meteor crater in Kentucky. The Middlesboro
Crater is located in the Appalachian Mountains, between the Cumberland
Mountains and Pine Mountain. The town of Middlesborough, built in the
crater, was established in 1886 to exploit iron and coal deposits. Middles
Crater is approximately 3 miles in diameter and the age is estimated to
be less than 300 million years. Middlesboro Crater is exposed to the surface.
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Missouri
Crater Sites
Weaubleau-Osceola Crater structure is thought to be a meteorite impact
site in western Missouri near the towns of Osceola and Weaubleau. The
Weaubleau-Osceola Crater is one of the fifty largest known impact craters
on earth and the fourth largest in the United States. It is believed to
have been caused by a 1200-ft meteoroid between 310 and 340 million years
ago. Its structure is well preserved. Conglomerate rocks are found in
the area of Osceola. These rocks are nearly perfectly round, and are referred
to locally simply as "round rocks" or "Missouri rock balls". Current theory
suggests that these rocks are chert concretions, created when the impact
threw pieces of shale away from the center of the crater, and later silica-rich
materials formed around the shale seeds.
Missouri
Crooked Creek Crater, is an impact crater in Crawford County, Missouri.
Crooked Creek Crater is 7 km in diameter and the age is estimated to be
80 million years. The crater is exposed to the surface.
Missouri
Decaturville Crater is an impact crater in Missouri. Decaturville
Crater is 6 km in diameter and the age is estimated to be less than 300
million years. The crater is exposed to surface.
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New
Jersey Crater Site
Chesapeake Bay, NJ
Chesapeake Bay Crater buried 300–500 meters beneath the lower part of
the Chesapeake Bay and its surrounding peninsulas. This impact
crater was formed by a bolide that impacted the eastern shore of North
America about 35.5 million years ago. Chesapeake Bay Crater is one of
the best-preserved marine impact craters, and the second largest impact
crater in the U.S. The entire circular crater is about 85 km in diameter
and 1.3 km deep, an area twice the size of Rhode Island, and nearly as
deep as the Grand Canyon.
New Jersey
Toms Canyon Crater, an impact crater is located about 100 mi. east of
Atlantic City, New Jersey. Toms Canyon Crater is the site where one or
more objects from space struck the Atlantic continental shelf, about 35
million years ago.
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Ohio
Crater Site
Serpent Mound Crater is a meteor crater in Ohio. The Serpent Mound Crater,
an effigy mound, located on a plateau in Brush Creek Valley in Adams County,
is located inside the crater. Serpent Mound Crater is 8 km in diameter
and the age is estimated to be less than 320 million years. Serpent Mound
Crater is exposed to the surface, 1,330 feet long and three feet high,
and is the largest effigy earthwork in the world.
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Utah
Crater Site
Upheaval Dome Crater is an impact crater in Canyonlands National Park,
near the town Moab Utah. Upheaval Dome Crater is 10 km in diameter and
the crater is estimated to be less than 170 million years old. Upheaval
Crater is clearly visible on the surface as bright brown and black coloured
concentric rings.
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Texas
Crater Sites
Sierra Madera Crater is a meteor crater in southwestern Pecos County,
Texas. The central peak of the Sierra Madera Crater structure rises 793
feet above the surrounding desert. It is 13 km in diameter and the age
is estimated to be less than 100 million years. Sierra Madera Crater is
exposed to the surface.
Texas
Odessa Meteor Crater is a meteor crater near the city of Odessa, Texas.
The Handbook of Texas Online describes the Odessa Meteor Crater as the
largest of several smaller craters in the immediate area that were formed
by the impact of thousands of octahedrites (an iron metallic type) that
fell in prehistoric times. Over 1500 meteorites have been recovered from
the surrounding area over the years, the largest of which weighed approximately
300 pounds. Odessa Meteor Crater is 550 feet in diameter and the age is
estimated to be less than 50,000 years. Odessa Meteor Crater is exposed
to the surface, and was originally about 100 feet deep. Due to infilling
by soil and debris, the crater is currently 15 feet deep at its lowest
point. The site has been designated as a National Natural Landmark by
the National Park Service, and a small information area and nature trail
has been set up on-site for a self-guided tour.
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Tennessee
Crater Site
Flynn Creek Crater, is a meteor crater in north central Tennessee. Flynn
Creek Crater is 3.8 mi in diameter and the age is estimated to be 20 million
years. The crater is exposed to the surface.
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Wisconsin
Crater Site
Glover Bluff Meteor Crater, located about 4 miles south of Coloma,
Wisconsin. Glover Bluff Crater is 5 mi in diameter and the age is estimated
to be less than 500 million years. The crater is exposed to the surface.
The Glover Bluff impact site is among the least studied in the world,
in part because for years the uplifted central area has been actively
quarried for dolomite beneath the moraine left by retreating glaciers.
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